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Chemical Composition of Arachis hypogaea L. Subsp. hypogaea Var. hirsuta Peanuts¹

Authors: D. T. Grimm , T. H. Sanders , H. E. Pattee , D. E. Williams , S. Sanchez-Dominguez

  • Chemical Composition of Arachis hypogaea L. Subsp. hypogaea Var. hirsuta Peanuts¹

    ARTICLES

    Chemical Composition of Arachis hypogaea L. Subsp. hypogaea Var. hirsuta Peanuts¹

    Authors: , , , ,

Abstract

The biochemical composition of seed collected from six landrace accessions of Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hirsuta was investigated. Florida-grown runner- (cv. Florunner) and virginia-type (cv. NC 7) seed were used as comparative controls. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared from hexane-extracted oil and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Oil stability was determined using oxidative stability instrumentation. Tocopherols, free amino acids, and free sugars were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Total oil content ranged from 36-45% for var. hirsuta seed as compared to 46 and 45% for Florunner and NC 7, respectively. Oleic acid/linoleic acid ratios ranged from 0.76-0.95 for the var. hirsuta peanuts as compared to runner (1.71) and virginia (2.1) controls. Tocopherol levels for var. hirsuta (295-377 ppm in oil) were similar to NC 7 (30 ppm) and lower than Florunner (425 ppm). Oil quality characteristics were reflected in much shorter oil stability index times for var. hirsuta seed (5.9-8.0 hr) compared to Florunner (11.6 hr) and NC 7 (12.9 hr). In general, var. hirsuta peanuts contained more free sugars (141-178 μmol/g defatted meal) and free amino acids (18.5-37.2 μmol/g defatted meal) than Florunner (127 and 20.2 μmol/g defatted meal free sugars and free amino acids, respectively) or NC 7 (122 and 20.3 μmol/g defatted meal).

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Keywords: Tocopherols, oil content, oleiclinoleic acid ratio, free amino acids, free sugars, oil stability index

How to Cite:

Grimm, D. & Sanders, T. & Pattee, H. & Williams, D. & Sanchez-Dominguez, S., (1996) “Chemical Composition of Arachis hypogaea L. Subsp. hypogaea Var. hirsuta Peanuts¹”, Peanut Science 23(2), p.111-116. doi: https://doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-23-2-9

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Published on
01 Jul 1996
Peer Reviewed

Author Notes

1 The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the USDA or the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv. of the products named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned.